Neurological Medicine and The Headache Care Center

Breast cancer - a disease that is accompanied by the formation in the breast epithelial tumor formation in which its growth comes from the gland ducts or lobules of it. Breast cancer, the symptoms of which may be based on the defeat of one or both of both glands is one of the most common tumor (cancerous) abnormalities, occurring in women.

General description

If we consider in more detail the percentage of morbidity in the world figures, we can distinguish the figure of 22.9% - exactly the same percentage on the part of female cancers account for the pathology of interest to us. This figure does not take into account non-melanoma skin cancers are the type of origin. By the way speaking, breast cancer in men is also allowed as a possible disease, while women with her there almost 100 times more likely. Accordingly, there is an unfavorable trend of the outcomes of male breast cancer that is associated with late diagnosis.

The main risks that lead to the development of breast cancer, consider the following factors:. Heredity, obesity, early onset of menstruation (before reaching age 12), late menopause (after the age of 55 years), smoking, etc. Features of predisposing factors, we consider some below in the section.

With regard to this issue, as breast cancer symptoms, the brief can be summarized as follows: seal in the breast, lymph node enlargement, located in the underarm area, the occurrence of discharge from the teat of different nature, changing contours and color of breast, etc. In all of these. symptoms, we also discussed below.

Regarding age, in which most of the women developed breast cancer, it may be noted that with the gradual increase of its risk of developing this disease also increases. In particular pathology often is diagnosed, ranging from 40 years and older. Breast cancer before the age of 30 years - an extremely rare diagnosis, mainly when its relevance is meant the combination of simultaneously influencing several risk factors that lead to this pathology. It should also be noted that in such an early occurrence of breast cancer, a disease amenable to treatment with large difficulties.

The reasons that trigger the development of breast cancer (glands) today studied sufficiently, because the selection of individual predisposing factors as those which cause and are considered to allow a little more substantive approach to the issue. Based on the orientation of conformity, in turn, can determine for themselves whether specific risks or, conversely, exclude them. The reasons (factors) that provoke breast cancer, decided to allocate the options that will be discussed below. Meanwhile, according to certain embodiments of these factors have additions, some of which are controversial, below we focus on them, immediately isolate the main number of causes (factors), considered as provoking the development of breast cancer:

• Heredity. This factor plays a significant role in the possible development of a woman's breast cancer. In practice, confirmed that if the closest relatives was diagnosed with breast cancer, the risk for women with such kinship increased almost three times in comparison with the others. This feature is genetically determined. So, the point is that this relationship determines the presence of a specific gene in women, he, in turn, is directly responsible for the further development of this tumor disease (in particular it is a question of genes BRCA1, BRCA2). Meanwhile, even if these genes are missing, this does not exclude the potential for developing breast cancer. As revealed from the total number of women who have had the disease under consideration is hardly found in 1% of such predisposing genes.

• Individual features of the female reproductive system. This factor involves a lot of factors accompanying them we initially listed. In particular these include early onset of menstruation (aged less than 12 years), late onset of first pregnancy (after age 30), late menopause (after age 55 years). Also here it ranked as the absence of pregnancy itself during life, and, accordingly, childbirth and lactation - the risk also increases.

• The presence of "history" of breast cancer. In this case, this implies a risk factor in the presence of a history in the past female breast cancer, which she was diagnosed and subsequently cured. The risk in this case is defined for a second breast cancer (ie, that of the glands, which was not before the tumor formation).

• Fibroadenoma and fibrocystic mastopathy. In the first case, that is when fibroadenoma, we are talking about the presence of the disease in women, acting as a predisposing factor for the development of breast cancer that develops a benign tumor formation in iron-based fibrous tissue dense enough in its own structure. In the second, that is, with fibrocystic mastopathy, as a predisposing factor considered pathology accompanied by proliferation of connective tissue in the prostate, which is also formed with a cavity filled (i.e., cyst) liquid.

• Hormonal drugs. In this case, in particular the variant receiving such drugs within the postmenopausal period, which is otherwise defined as the period following the completion of the last menstruation in women. This factor is relevant to consider as a risk when it comes to reception, lasting more than three years.

• The presence of comorbidities. Breast cancer in the case of possible relevance of certain types of diseases, as examples of obesity can be distinguished, hypothyroidism (disease accompanied by decreased function thyroid), elevated blood pressure, diabetes.

Nolvadex reduces a risk of the formation of cancer and also neoplasms because of the excessive action of estrogens to the organs and cells. Women use it as a prophylaxis of the spread disease – breast cancer while millions of men have managed to overcome prostate cancer.

The main and most effective method of treatment of breast cancer treated only surgical technique, through which ensured the removal of body subjected to cancerous lesions. It should be noted that any other treatment options with the exception of surgery for patients defines only a temporary effect. Features of surgery is to choose one of the following methods:

complete removal of the breast, including the underarm lymph nodes and fat on the affected side (this option is seen as the most preferred);

prostate specific removal portion (i.e. that portion in which the tumor mass is concentrated, and the underarm lymph nodes on the same side on which there is loss and itself);

with a significant rate of tumor formation, as well as the scale of its dissemination is removed and the breast, and the vessels, and the pectoral muscles (in fact, in some cases, it may be an option, which removes and ribs, everything depends in particular on the specified original features, on the basis of which made removal).

In most cases, the methods used adjunctive therapy after surgery. For example, if the disease is not accompanied by metastasis, the treatment is supportive, within it applies antihormones, reception of which is carried out over a period of five years, it would eliminate the possibility of preventing the return of pathology as well as the formation of metastases.

If metastasis has affected other organs (lungs, liver, etc.), The mandatory use chemotherapy, focused on reducing the size of the metastasis, or to complete their destruction. Recall that metastases are specific screenings from the main tumor mass that have the same structure and have the ability to further their growth in violation of the function of organs, under which they appeared and started to develop.

As you can see, breast cancer - the disease serious enough, because the appearance of any symptoms in the gland should consult a doctor-mammologist and an oncologist. In addition, one should not forget the need for self-examination for the presence of a specific node in the glands, and the need for preventive visits to the doctor, even in the absence of symptoms.